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الضرب النقطي ومساقط المتجهات
Dot Product & Projections
الضرب النقطي ومساقط المتجهات
تعلم كيفية إيجاد ناتج الضرب النقطي، تحديد الزاوية بين متجهين، إيجاد مسقط متجه على آخر، وحساب الشغل المبذول في تطبيقات الفيزياء.
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مسائل الواجب المنزلي (الضرب النقطي ومساقط المتجهات)
Homework Problems — Dot Product and Vector Projections
Question 1 / 15
Difficulty: 1/5
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⭐ القاعدة الذهبية (Golden Rule)
القواعد الأساسية للضرب النقطي والمساقط:
- الضرب النقطي (Dot Product): \(\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} = u_1 v_1 + u_2 v_2\)
- التعامد (Orthogonality): يكون المتجهان متعامدين إذا كان \(\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} = 0\)
- الزاوية بين متجهين (Angle between vectors): \(\cos \theta = \frac{\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v}}{|\mathbf{u}| |\mathbf{v}|}\)
- مسقط u على v (Projection of u onto v): \(\text{proj}_{\mathbf{v}} \mathbf{u} = \left( \frac{\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v}}{|\mathbf{v}|^2} \right) \mathbf{v}\)
- الشغل (Work): \(W = \mathbf{F} \cdot \vec{AB}\) أو \(W = |\mathbf{F}| |\vec{AB}| \cos \theta\)
Core reminders
• The dot product results in a scalar (a number), not a vector.
• A projection is a vector itself.
• When finding the angle between two vectors, remember that \( 0^\circ \le \theta \le 180^\circ \).
• Work is only done by the force component that is parallel to the direction of motion.
• A projection is a vector itself.
• When finding the angle between two vectors, remember that \( 0^\circ \le \theta \le 180^\circ \).
• Work is only done by the force component that is parallel to the direction of motion.
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⭐ Golden Rule
Compute dot product by multiplying corresponding components and adding. If dot product is zero, vectors are orthogonal. Use cosine rule for angles. Work is the dot product of Force and Distance vectors.
Quick formulas
\( \mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v} = u_1v_1 + u_2v_2 \)
\( \theta = \cos^{-1}(\frac{\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v}}{|\mathbf{u}||\mathbf{v}|}) \)
\( \text{proj}_{\mathbf{v}}\mathbf{u} = (\frac{\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v}}{|\mathbf{v}|^2})\mathbf{v} \)
\( W = |\mathbf{F}| |\mathbf{d}| \cos \theta \)
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